Zarna Surendra Shah

Research project

Supervisor

Dr Louise Cooke

Summary of research project:

Historic Construction and Approach to Integrated Conservation/Restoration Process: A Case of Bhunga Architecture, Kutch, Gujarat

My PhD research project explores the rich tradition of mud architecture in India, focusing specifically on Bhunga architecture in Kutch, Gujarat.

The project aims to meticulously document the traditional construction techniques of Bhunga - a unique and resilient architectural style characterised by its circular design and ecological materials. This research will lead to the development of a comprehensive conservation methodology manual that integrates these time - tested techniques with modern conservation practices. The manual is designed to serve as a prototype for the preservation of diverse architectural typologies across India, facilitating sustainable conservation efforts that protect both the tangible structures and the intangible heritage they embody. By establishing standardised practices for preserving traditional architecture, this project not only aims to safeguard a critical part of India’s cultural landscape but also to inspire similar conservation initiatives nationwide.

Profile

My academic and professional journey in architecture was ignited by a defining moment during the catastrophic Gujarat earthquake of 2001. Witnessing the resilience of traditional Bhunga architecture amidst widespread devastation was both startling and enlightening. While modern buildings crumbled, these traditional structures, crafted from local materials and age-old techniques, stood steadfast. This observation spurred a deep curiosity within me about the inherent strengths of traditional construction methods and the vulnerabilities of contemporary building practices.

This curiosity evolved into a lifelong commitment to exploring and preserving traditional architectural wisdom. I am passionate about understanding how and why indigenous building techniques, often overlooked in the rush towards modernization, can offer superior durability and sustainability. My work aims to reaffirm the value of traditional knowledge in construction, emphasizing that these methods are not just relics of the past but are vital for a sustainable future.

I started my formal education in India, where I earned my Bachelor of Architecture, laying a solid foundation in the fundamental principles of architecture. Seeking to broaden my perspective on design and its applications, I then studied furniture and
graphic design at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York, USA. After gaining two years of professional experience in the industry, I pursued a Master of Architecture in Urban Conservation from the University of Mumbai. This advanced study enhanced my understanding of heritage preservation and the critical role of traditional methods in modern architecture, insights I have shared during my two-year tenure as a teacher before embarking on my PhD.

At MAATI, the organization I founded, we strive to document both tangible and intangible aspects of heritage architecture. Through workshops, publications, and collaborative projects, we disseminate this knowledge, fostering an appreciation for traditional methods among new generations of architects and conservators. My PhD research at the University of York extends this mission by developing a conservation methodology manual for Bhunga architecture, aiming to standardize and promote sustainable conservation practices across India and beyond.

In my view, the true essence of sustainable development in architecture lies in blending these time-honored techniques with modern innovations, creating environments that are resilient, culturally rich, and environmentally harmonious. My goal is not only to preserve these techniques but to integrate them into contemporary practice, ensuring they are not forgotten but rather evolved and adapted for future use.

Publications

Publications

8th June 2024 - "Public Spaces as Cultural and Urban Catalysts: A Comparative Study of La Grand-Place and Oude Markt in Belgium," BLUEPRINT, Vol 2, Issue 5, bimonthly newsletter of the IIA Karnataka Chapter. Co-authored with Sanjukta Das.

• This article explores the vital roles of La Grand-Place in Brussels and Oude Markt in Leuven as urban centers that enhance livability and foster community interaction. The study highlights their architectural significance, social functions, and contributions to urban design, illustrating how these public spaces act as catalysts for cultural and social vitality in their respective cities. The comparative analysis underscores the balance between tradition and contemporary urban needs, showcasing the transformative power of public squares in urban landscapes.

Teaching and Impact

1. August 2020 - December 2020 - "Working Drawing, Conservation Studies, History of Architecture, and Aesthetics & Explorations," Assistant Professor, BMS College of Architecture, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

• Taught comprehensive courses on architectural conservation and design aesthetics, enhancing students' practical and theoretical
  knowledge.

2. July 2019 - May 2020 - Led the Design Studio and Basic Design courses, Assistant Professor, DIT University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India.

• Managed timetable coordination, played a pivotal role in curriculum development and syllabus moderation as a member of the BOS
  committee.

3. July 2017 - April 2018 - Oversaw the Design Studio and Basic Design for the Architecture and Interior Design department, Assistant Professor, Shantaben Manubhai Patel School of Studies and Research in Architecture & Interior Design (SMAID), Anand, Gujarat.

• Formulated term work and organized impactful workshops for Furniture Design, History of Interior Design.

Outreach and Impact

1. 2014 - "Design Thinking Workshop," Leader, Ahmedabad.

• Conducted a workshop aimed at young designers, focusing on innovative design processes and encouraging a practical understanding of design thinking.

2. Ongoing - Various workshops and public engagement activities through MAATI.

• Spearheads initiatives that promote sustainable conservation practices and educate both the public and professionals about the preservation of India’s architectural heritage.